01 · Explanation
Compare financing economics
Objective: Compare net proceeds, payment burden, and ownership effects without presenting a nominal rate as total cost.
Compare financing on the same decision sheet: gross principal, cash fees, net proceeds, payment dates, total scheduled repayment, collateral or personal exposure, and what happens if sales arrive late. For an ordinary fully amortizing loan, payment is P × r ÷ (1 − (1 + r) to the power of −n), where r is the periodic interest rate and n is the installment count. This formula is not valid for every product. A factor rate, daily withdrawal, variable rate, balloon, or revenue-based share needs its actual cash-flow schedule. A nominal annual rate is not automatically an APR or an all-in comparison.
For fictional Loan C, r = 0.12/12 = 0.01 and n = 36. A $51,000 principal produces a monthly installment of about $1,693.93. The 2% withheld fee is $1,020, so only $49,980 arrives: $1,020 less than the stated $51,000 need. Scheduled repayments total about $60,981.47 using unrounded payments; timing, taxes, and missing terms are not included. The $3,000 ordinary monthly operating deficit means affordability cannot be inferred from this payment calculation. In the simplified equity example, $200,000 divided by the $1,000,000 post-money value is 20% new-investor ownership before excluded instruments and terms. Avoid calling that the actual dilution or a fair price. Finance and legal review are needed before a real commitment.
Before you begin
- Read the source facts and preserve their fictional status.
- Keep estimates and absent evidence visible.
- Use no private records or live application systems.

